Which of the Following Statements is Correct Regarding Net Diffusion Easy Notecards
1
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3
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4
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Which of the following lists, in correct order, the phases of interphase?
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Which of the following lists, in correct order, the phases of mitosis?
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
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During which of the following phases does DNA replication occur?
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During which of the following phases does chromatin condense and become chromosomes?
12
Which of the following describes tight junctions?
junctions among epithelial cells lining the digestive tract
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The glycocalyx is often referred to as the "cell coat," which is somewhat fuzzy and sticky with numerous cholesterol chains sticking out from the surface of the cell membrane.
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Which of the following forms of vesicular transport processes are used by flu viruses, diphtheria, and cholera toxins to enter our cells?
receptor-mediated endocytosis
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Which of the following statements is correct regarding net diffusion?
The greater the concentration gradient, the faster the rate.
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Diffusion movement always occurs from areas of greater to areas of lesser concentration.
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Aquaporins are believed to be present in red blood cells and kidney tubules, but not in any other cells in the body.
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In their resting state, all body cells exhibit a resting membrane potential ranging from -50 to about +50 millivolts.
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of peroxisomes?
They contain powerful enzymes called acid hydrolases.
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Which of these is an inclusion, not an organelle?
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Microtubules are hollow tubes made of subunits of the protein tubulin.
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Some hormones enter cells via ________.
receptor-mediated endocytosis
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The indicated protein interacts with DNA to form the structural unit of chromatin called a ______.
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Which letter is pointing to an mRNA molecule?
25
Which of the following names the three main parts of a human cell?
cytoplasm, plasma membrane, and nucleus
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Match the following.
Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets.
27
The RNA responsible for bringing the amino acids to the ribosome for protein formation is ________.
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Cholesterol helps to stabilize the cell membrane while decreasing the mobility of the phospholipids.
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Which of the following is characteristic of cilia?
They are whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur in large numbers on the exposed surfaces of certain cells.
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What type of protein is indicated by the arrow?
is division of the nucleus
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Which of the following statements is correct regarding RNA?
Messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA play a role in protein synthesis.
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The figure is of which cellular organelle?
34
Phagocytosis is a form of exocytosis.
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________ is the diffusion of a solvent, such as water, across a selectively permeable membrane.
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Lipid rafts, found in the cell outer membrane surface, are concentrating platforms for certain receptor molecules or for protein molecules needed for cell signaling.
37
What is the specific role of the enzyme indicated by B during the formation of the new DNA strands?
joining the nucleotides that form the new DNA strand
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If a tRNA had an AGC anticodon, it could attach to a(n) ________ mRNA codon.
39
Some hormones enter cells via ________.
receptor-mediated endocytosis
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The nucleolus ________.
is the site of ribosome assembly in a cell
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Which of the following is NOT a concept of the cell theory?
Cells are given life through a process known as spontaneous generation.
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Which of the following statements correctly describes the plasma membrane?
It is a dynamic fluid structure that is in constant flux.
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Which of the following is FALSE regarding the membrane potential?
The resting membrane potential is maintained solely by passive transport processes.
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Solutions with a higher concentration of solutes than the concentration inside the cells are __________.
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Interstitial fluid represents one type of extracellular material.
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What is the function of the indicated protein?
to allow DNA to form a compact structure
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What is the difference between active and passive transport across the plasma membrane?
Active transport is ATP dependent, whereas passive transport uses only the kinetic energy of the particles for movement across the plasma membrane.
48
________ is a molecular "ferry" that brings amino acids to the ribosome to build a protein.
49
Apoptosis is programmed cell suicide; cancer cells do not undergo this process.
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The structure indicated by B is ______.
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If cells are placed in a hypertonic solution containing a solute to which the membrane is impermeable, what could happen?
The cells will lose water and shrink.
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DNA transcription is another word for DNA replication.
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Why is the selective permeability of the plasma membrane essential for normal cell function?
Selective permeability allows cells to exclude some substances and allow others to pass into or out of the cell.
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In their resting state, all body cells exhibit a resting membrane potential; therefore, all cells are polarized.
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In which stage of mitosis do the identical sets of chromosomes uncoil and resume their chromatin form?
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Which of the following is a principle of the fluid mosaic model of cell membrane structure?
Phospholipids form a bilayer that is largely impermeable to water-soluble molecules.
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Each daughter cell resulting from mitotic cell division has exactly as many chromosomes as the parent cell.
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A red blood cell placed in pure water would ________.
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The main component of the cytosol is ________.
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Which type of cell junction acts as anchors and distributes tension through a cellular sheet and reduces the chance of tearing when it is subjected to great mechanical stress?
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What must happen before a body cell can begin mitotic cell division?
Its DNA must be replicated exactly so that identical copies of the cell's genes can be passed on to each of its offspring.
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What process allows for the production of molecule B from a template consisting of molecule A?
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The functions of centrioles include ________.
organizing the mitotic spindle in cell division
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Which vesicular transport process occurs primarily in some white blood cells and macrophages?
65
Molecule B and molecule C are expected to interact within which of the following cellular locations?
66
Which of the following is a function of a plasma membrane protein?
molecular transport through the membrane
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What is the primary function of the mitochondria?
They are the main sites of ATP production.
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The electron microscope has revealed that one of the components within the cell consists of pinwheel array of 9 triplets of microtubules arranged to form a hollow tube. This structure is a ________.
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Facilitated diffusion requires a carrier or channel protein.
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A gene can best be defined as ________.
a segment of DNA that carries the instructions for one polypeptide chain
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What are the two basic steps of polypeptide synthesis?
transcription and translation
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Which of the following statements is TRUE?
During exocytosis, substances from inside the cell are moved outside.
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Lysosomes perform digestive functions within a cell.
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The plasma membrane is made primarily of ________.
75
Some hormones enter cells via ________.
receptor-mediated endocytosis
76
Which of the following statements is correct regarding RNA?
Messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA play a role in protein synthesis.
77
If cells are placed in a hypertonic solution containing a solute to which the membrane is impermeable, what could happen?
The cells will lose water and shrink.
78
In their resting state, all body cells exhibit a resting membrane potential; therefore, all cells are polarized.
79
Which of the following is characteristic of cilia?
They are whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur in large numbers on the exposed surfaces of certain cells.
80
What is the primary function of the mitochondria?
They are the main sites of ATP production.
81
What is the specific role of the enzyme indicated by B during the formation of the new DNA strands?
joining the nucleotides that form the new DNA strand
82
Facilitated diffusion requires a carrier or channel protein.
83
________ is a molecular "ferry" that brings amino acids to the ribosome to build a protein.
84
Solutions with a higher concentration of solutes than the concentration inside the cells are __________.
85
What is the difference between active and passive transport across the plasma membrane?
Active transport is ATP dependent, whereas passive transport uses only the kinetic energy of the particles for movement across the plasma membrane.
86
Interstitial fluid represents one type of extracellular material.
87
________ is the diffusion of a solvent, such as water, across a selectively permeable membrane.
88
The genetic information is coded in DNA by the regular alternation of sugar and phosphate molecules.
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The RNA responsible for bringing the amino acids to the ribosome for protein formation is ________.
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During DNA replication, the covalent bonding of nucleotides into a new strand of DNA is performed by ________.
91
The orderly sequence of the phases of mitosis is prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
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What type of protein is indicated by the arrow?
93
Once solid material is phagocytized and taken into a vacuole, which of the following statements best describes what happens?
A lysosome combines with the vacuole and digests the enclosed solid material.
94
Which vesicular transport process occurs primarily in some white blood cells and macrophages?
95
Which set of membrane proteins in the figure depicts the transport of solute molecules?
96
Lysosomes perform digestive functions within a cell.
97
The nucleolus ________.
is the site of ribosome assembly in a cell
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Some types of cells move freely through the body, while others are bound into tightly knit communities.
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If a tRNA had an AGC anticodon, it could attach to a(n) ________ mRNA codon.
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Passive membrane transport processes include ________.
movement of a substance down its concentration gradient
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What is a function of the enzyme indicated by structure A?
breaking the bonds between complementary base pairs
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The figure is of which cellular organelle?
103
DNA transcription is another word for DNA replication.
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Which of the following is a function of a plasma membrane protein?
molecular transport through the membrane
105
There is only one cell type in the human body that has a flagellum.
106
Why is the selective permeability of the plasma membrane essential for normal cell function?
Selective permeability allows cells to exclude some substances and allow others to pass into or out of the cell.
107
Diffusion is a form of active transport.
108
The main component of the cytosol is ________.
109
What process allows for the production of molecule B from a template consisting of molecule A?
110
Which of the following is FALSE regarding the membrane potential?
The resting membrane potential is maintained solely by passive transport processes.
111
A gene can best be defined as ________.
a segment of DNA that carries the instructions for one polypeptide chain
112
What are the two basic steps of polypeptide synthesis?
transcription and translation
113
Which type of cell junction acts as anchors and distributes tension through a cellular sheet and reduces the chance of tearing when it is subjected to great mechanical stress?
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What process is indicated by C?
exocytosis of secreted proteins
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The structure indicated by B is ______.
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A red blood cell placed in pure water would ________.
117
In which stage of mitosis do the identical sets of chromosomes uncoil and resume their chromatin form?
118
Lipid rafts, found in the cell outer membrane surface, are concentrating platforms for certain receptor molecules or for protein molecules needed for cell signaling..
119
The electron microscope has revealed that one of the components within the cell consists of pinwheel array of 9 triplets of microtubules arranged to form a hollow tube. This structure is a ________.
120
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
During exocytosis, substances from inside the cell are moved outside.
121
Which of the following statements correctly describes the plasma membrane?
It is a dynamic fluid structure that is in constant flux.
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The folded membranes indicated by B are the site of ______.
enzymes involved in cellular respiration
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Which of the following would not be a constituent of a plasma membrane?
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